Cellular biomechanics measured using combined atomic force – traction force microscopy

Cristian Staii, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University

The biomechanical properties of neuronal cells are critical to their development, function, and structural stability. These properties influence cytoskeletal organization, axonal growth, and the formation of functional synapses. While substantial progress has been made in understanding neuronal growth and connectivity, a complete picture of axonal dynamics—incorporating the mechanical interactions between neurons and their environment—is still lacking. In this talk, I will present an integrated experimental platform that combines three high-resolution techniques: atomic force microscopy, fluorescence imaging, and traction force microscopy. Using this experimental setup, we measure the elastic modulus of cortical neurons with high spatial resolution and correlate these measurements with the traction forces generated by axons on their substrate. We also track cytoskeletal components to connect axonal behavior with changes in cytoskeletal dynamics, cellular volume, and cell biomechanical properties. In addition, I will discuss biomechanical measurements performed on human leukemia monocytic (THP-1) cells encapsulated in silk fibroin biomaterials. These results offer valuable insights for designing advanced biomaterial interfaces aimed at enhancing cellular protection and functional integration.